A "technique" in bass fishing is how you present the bait to the fish. There are hundreds of techniques to catch bass. Many techniques include dragging a texas rig, ripping crankbaits and rattletraps through grass, fishing a swimbait on top of the water, casting a worm, and many, many more.
There are many ways to fish soft plastics. There are multiple types of hooks that you can rig soft plastics on. Some examples include wacky rigging, texas rigging, the ned rig, and many more.
There are many different types of hard baits, so there are many techniques you can use to fish them. Some examples include ripping a rattletrap through grass, buzzing a buzz bait on top, or longlining a big crankbait.